Graduate Researcher · BLISS Lab · Yonsei University

Stretchable
electronics,
from the
ink up.

Liquid-metal inks, printed electrodes, and the miniaturized instruments that read them — one stack, from coordination chemistry to firmware.

Yonsei University · Seoul
Prof. Jungmok Seo · BLISS Lab
M.S. candidate · Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Research interests

Materials

Stretchable conductors

Catechol–Ga³⁺ coordination chemistry for post-treatment-free liquid-metal inks that adhere and percolate in a single step; water-transfer printing of those inks onto skin and elastomer; DFT and MD studies of the gallium-oxide surface that makes all of it difficult.

Electrochemistry

Printed electrochemical sensors

Screen-printed three-electrode cells on elastomer substrates, solid-contact Na⁺ ion-selective electrodes, and diffusion-limiting membranes for selectivity. Device-to-device spread is treated as a result in its own right, not as an error bar to be minimised in the caption.

Instrumentation

Wearable instrumentation

Four-channel AD5941 potentiostats on flexible PCB with BLE telemetry and a companion phone app; multimodal bands that add bio-impedance, PPG and inertial channels; ear-EEG front ends for non-invasive BCI.

Biointerfaces

Tissue-facing coatings

PDRN-based regenerative coatings and anti-fouling lubricant chemistry for surgical sutures and intramuscular EMG electrodes, judged by what happens to the electrode–tissue impedance over weeks.

Current work

Roughly in order of how much bench time each one gets.

01

PDA-LM ink

Catechol–Ga³⁺ coordination arrests the native gallium-oxide skin on EGaIn rather than stripping it, which lets a water-based ink print, stick and conduct in a single step. The open question is no longer the day-one resistance but how that interface behaves under sustained electrochemical load, followed operando instead of inferred from before-and-after images.

02

Wearable potentiostat toolkit

A four-channel AD5941 and ESP32-C6 front end running cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, impedance spectroscopy and open-circuit potentiometry — now on flexible PCB, over BLE, with a Flutter app on the other end. A benchtop potentiostat cannot follow an electrode onto a moving body; this is the instrument that can.

03

Printed electrodes, honestly characterised

Screen-printed carbon and Ag/AgCl on elastomer, measured across tens of nominally identical devices. Yield and device-to-device spread are reported as the primary numbers, since those are what decide whether a soft electrode survives outside a demo.

04

PDRN and lubricant coatings

A dual coating meant to suppress fouling and support tissue regeneration at the same time, on sutures and intramuscular EMG electrodes. Impedance spectroscopy at the tissue interface is the endpoint that actually separates the groups; the EMG amplitudes establish non-inferiority and little more.

Longer write-ups for each are on the projects page.

Get in touch

I am open to collaborations across materials chemistry, embedded electronics and biointerface engineering.

news

Aug 15, 2026 Abstract accepted for an oral presentation at the 2026 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston — Symposium SB13, Advancements in Liquid Metal Science.
Jul 10, 2026 The flexible-PCB revision of the four-channel AD5941 sensor toolkit came back from fabrication and passed bring-up — analog front-end verified over BLE on the flex board.
Jun 29, 2026 Our capstone team was selected as one of eight Outstanding Research Teams in Electrical & Electronic Engineering, where I served as the supervising teaching assistant.